Early detection of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is vital, as it allows families to access interventions that can greatly improve developmental outcomes. However, recognizing the early signs of autism can be challenging for parents and caregivers. This article provides a comprehensive overview of early indicators, highlighting what to look for and when to seek professional guidance.
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
ASD is a developmental condition that impacts various aspects of life. Furthermore, the term “spectrum” refers to the numerous types of symptoms and their level of severity, which can differ greatly from one kid to another. While some children may face significant language and social challenges, others may experience milder symptoms that remain unnoticed for years.
Key Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Understanding the primary traits of ASD is essential for recognizing its early signs. These characteristics often include:

Parents often notice these traits during infancy or toddlerhood, especially as their child approaches critical developmental milestones. Recognizing these signs early can prompt timely intervention.
Recognizing Early Signs of Autism
Early detection of autism can be complex, as symptoms often overlap with typical developmental variations. However, certain behaviors can serve as indicators of potential concerns. Here are some of the most common early signs.
Delayed Speech and Language Development
Speech delays are among the earliest and most noticeable signs of autism. By 12 months, most children can say simple words like “mama” or “dada.” By 24 months, they typically combine two words into phrases, such as “want cookie.” If your child struggles with verbal communication or loses previously acquired language skills, it’s worth consulting a professional.
Limited Eye Contact
Babies naturally make eye contact during feeding, play, and interaction. A consistent lack of eye contact can be a key indicator of autism. If your child avoids looking at you during daily activities, this behavior may warrant further observation.
Lack of Social Smiles
By around six months, most infants smile in response to social interactions. This “social smile” is an important milestone. If your child rarely smiles when engaged with others, it could be an early sign of autism.
Unusual Play Patterns
Children with autism often display unique play behaviors. Instead of engaging in imaginative play, they may prefer lining up toys or focusing on specific parts of objects, such as the wheels on a toy car. These patterns can signal a need for further evaluation.
Recognizing these signs is a crucial first step. Once you identify potential concerns, understanding the importance of early intervention becomes the next priority.
The Importance of Early Intervention
Early intervention refers to therapies and support services provided to children from birth to age three. Research shows that children who receive early intervention make significant progress in language, social skills, and cognitive development. Let’s explore how early intervention can benefit children with autism.
- Improved Social Skills: Therapies like Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) can help children build stronger social connections.
- Enhanced Communication: Speech therapy aids in the development of verbal and non-verbal communication.
- Better Educational Outcomes: Early support equips children with foundational skills, preparing them for school success.
Developmental Milestones and Red Flags
Developmental milestones serve as a general guideline for what to expect at different ages. While every child grows at their own pace, delays in meeting these milestones can signal the need for further evaluation. Below is a breakdown of key milestones and red flags by age group.
6 Months
- Smiles and shows enjoyment during interactions.
- Responds to their name.
- Makes cooing or babbling sounds.
12 Months
- Uses simple gestures like waving or pointing.
- Says basic words like “mama” or “dada.”
- Enjoys interactive games like peek-a-boo.
24 Months
- Combines two words to form phrases, such as “want milk.”
- Engages in pretend play, like feeding a doll.
- Follows simple instructions from caregivers.
Red Flags to Watch For
- Lack of response to their name by 12 months.
- Absence of gestures, such as pointing or waving.
- Loss of previously acquired skills, including speech or motor abilities.
If your child exhibits any of these red flags, seeking a professional evaluation can provide clarity and guide you toward the next steps.
Screening and Diagnosis of Autism
Screening for autism is typically conducted during routine pediatric visits. Pediatricians use standardized tools to identify potential concerns, ensuring timely referrals for further evaluation when necessary.
Observational Assessments
Trained professionals observe a child’s behavior in various settings to identify signs of autism. These observations are critical for understanding a child’s unique needs.
Standardized Testing
Structured tools, such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), help assess social and communication skills in children suspected of having autism.
Medical Evaluations
Additional tests, including hearing evaluations and genetic testing, may be performed to rule out other conditions that could explain developmental delays. Once a diagnosis is made, building a support system becomes the next essential step.
Supporting Your Child After a Diagnosis
It’s important to remember that this diagnosis opens the door to tailored interventions and valuable support systems designed to help your child thrive. Navigating this journey may seem daunting at first, but taking it step by step can make a significant difference.

Building a Support Team
One of the first steps after a diagnosis is assembling a strong support team for your child. This team typically includes several key professionals who work together to address different aspects of your child’s development.
Pediatricians play a vital role in monitoring your child’s overall health and developmental progress. They often serve as the point of contact for referrals and regular check-ups.
Therapists provide specialized services such as speech, occupational, and behavioral therapies. These therapies address communication challenges, sensory needs, and social skills, helping your child build a strong foundation for growth.
Educators work closely with families to develop an Individualized Education Program (IEP). This plan ensures that your child receives appropriate accommodations and support in the classroom, fostering an environment where they can succeed academically and socially.
Navigating Therapy Options
After building your support team, exploring therapy options is the next crucial step. Different therapies target specific areas of need, allowing for a comprehensive approach to your child’s development.
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy focuses on improving behavior, communication, and social skills through structured, evidence-based techniques. It is a widely recognized and effective intervention for children with autism.
Speech therapy helps enhance verbal and non-verbal communication. It supports your child in developing the ability to express themselves and interact with others effectively.
Occupational therapy addresses sensory integration and motor skills. This therapy helps children navigate daily tasks and sensory challenges, building independence and confidence in their abilities.
The Role of Families
Families also play a central role in supporting their child’s development. Creating a positive and nurturing environment at home can complement professional interventions. Your involvement, consistency, and encouragement are essential components of your child’s success.
Acting on Early Signs of Autism
Recognizing the early signs of autism is a critical step in ensuring that children receive the support they need to thrive. By understanding developmental milestones, seeking early intervention, and leveraging community resources, families can create a nurturing and empowering environment for their children.
At A Better Way ABA, we offer high-quality ABA programs in NYC that are tailored to meet your child’s unique needs. Our experienced therapists are dedicated to helping children achieve their fullest potential. Contact us today to take the first step toward building a brighter future for your child. Early action can make a significant difference!
Sources:
- https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism/assessment-diagnosis/early-signs-of-asd
- https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/Autism/Pages/Early-Signs-of-Autism-Spectrum-Disorders.aspx
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/autism/curriculum/documents/early-warning-signs-autism_508.pdf