If you’ve ever struggled with managing tantrums, attention-seeking behaviors, or other challenging actions, understanding extinction in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy can be incredibly helpful. In this article, we’ll explore examples of extinction in ABA, how it works, and practical strategies you can use at home.
What Is Extinction in ABA?
Extinction in ABA therapy is the process of reducing or eliminating a behavior by no longer providing the reinforcement that previously maintained it. This technique is particularly useful for behaviors that are undesirable, disruptive, or interfere with learning.
For example, if a child cries to get a toy and the parent always gives in, the child learns that crying results in getting what they want. Extinction would involve no longer giving the toy in response to crying, eventually reducing the behavior.
Why Is Extinction Used?
Extinction helps children learn that certain behaviors no longer work to get what they want. Instead, they are encouraged to use more appropriate ways to express their needs. The main goals of extinction include:
- Reducing problem behaviors (such as tantrums or excessive crying)
- Encouraging appropriate alternatives (such as asking politely)
- Improving communication skills
- Promoting independence and self-regulation
When applied correctly, extinction can lead to meaningful improvements in a child’s behavior and overall development.
3 Examples of Extinction in ABA
Understanding extinction is easier when looking at real-life scenarios. Below are some examples of extinction in ABA that demonstrate how this method works for different types of behaviors.
Example 1: Attention-Seeking Behavior
Scenario
A child frequently screams or throws objects to get attention from parents or teachers.
Extinction Strategy
Instead of reacting to the behavior (e.g., scolding or comforting), caregivers ignore the outburst and only provide attention when the child is calm or uses appropriate ways to seek attention (e.g., saying “excuse me” or tapping on the shoulder).
Outcome
Over time, the child learns that screaming does not result in attention, but appropriate behaviors do.
Example 2: Escape-Maintained Behavior
Scenario
A child throws a tantrum every time they are asked to complete a non-preferred activity, such as brushing their teeth or doing homework.
Extinction Strategy
Instead of letting the child skip the task because of the tantrum, the caregiver calmly follows through with the expectation and only allows a break after some effort is made.
Outcome
The child learns that tantrums do not help them escape responsibilities, and instead, they must complete or attempt the task before moving on.
Example 3: Access to Tangible Items
Scenario
A child whines and cries every time they want a specific toy, snack, or electronic device.
Extinction Strategy
Rather than giving the item to stop the whining, the caregiver waits until the child asks appropriately before granting access.
Outcome
The child understands that whining does not get them what they want, and they must use appropriate words or gestures instead.
How to Implement Extinction at Home
Applying extinction techniques requires patience, consistency, and planning. Below are steps to help parents effectively use extinction in daily life.
Step 1: Identify the Behavior to Target
Pinpoint the specific behavior you want to reduce. Make sure you understand why your child is engaging in that behavior (e.g., attention-seeking, avoiding tasks, or wanting an item).
Step 2: Determine the Function of the Behavior
Ask yourself:
- Does my child do this to get attention?
- Are they trying to avoid a task?
- Are they trying to get something they want?
Identifying the function of the behavior will help you apply the right extinction strategy.
Step 3: Remove Reinforcement
Once you understand the behavior, stop reinforcing it. This may mean:
- Ignoring attention-seeking behaviors
- Following through with expectations despite protests
- Not giving in to whining or demanding behavior
Step 4: Reinforce Positive Alternatives
Extinction works best when paired with positive reinforcement. Encourage and reward appropriate behaviors, such as:
- Asking for attention in a calm way
- Following instructions without resistance
- Using words instead of whining
Step 5: Stay Consistent
Consistency is key to success. If you apply extinction sometimes but not always, your child may become confused and the behavior could worsen.
Challenges and Ethical Considerations
While extinction is a valuable ABA technique, it is essential to apply it with care. Here are some common challenges parents should be aware of.
- Extinction Burst – The behavior may temporarily get worse before improving.
- Emotional Reactions – Children may express frustration or distress.
- Time-Consuming Process – Extinction takes patience and persistence before results appear.
When using extinction in ABA, ethical application ensures that behavior change is both effective and compassionate, promoting positive growth without unnecessary distress. Here’s what to keep in mind.
- Avoid Emotional Harm – Extinction should never be used in a way that causes excessive distress.
- Use in Combination with Positive Reinforcement – Always teach an alternative behavior rather than just eliminating a behavior.
- Monitor Your Child’s Well-Being – If a behavior persists despite extinction, consult an ABA professional for guidance.
By keeping these factors in mind, parents can ensure that extinction is used effectively and ethically.
Working with ABA Professionals
While parents can apply extinction techniques at home, working with an ABA therapist provides additional support. Therapists can help:
- Identify behaviors and their functions
- Develop individualized intervention plans
- Train parents on how to respond consistently
- Monitor progress and adjust strategies as needed
Regular communication between parents and therapists ensures that strategies remain effective and aligned with the child’s needs.
The Power of Consistency and Patience
Using extinction in ABA can feel challenging at first, but staying consistent leads to meaningful, lasting progress. By removing reinforcement for unwanted behaviors and encouraging positive alternatives, children with autism learn better ways to communicate and navigate their world with confidence.
If you’re struggling with a particular behavior, know that you’re not alone. With patience, expert support, and proven strategies, you can help your child build essential skills for lifelong success.
A Better Way ABA provides high-quality, personalized ABA therapy in NY. Our dedicated team tailors interventions to meet your child’s unique needs. Contact us today to get started!
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